From: Subject: Vaccination Schedule Recommendations For Dogs Date: Sat, 26 Nov 2011 19:28:55 -0700 MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/html; charset="utf-8" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Content-Location: http://www.weim.net/emberweims/Vaccine.html X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V6.00.2900.6157 =EF=BB=BF Vaccination Schedule Recommendations For Dogs

 

There are two types of = vaccines=20 currently available to veterinarians: modified-live vaccines = and=20 inactivated ("killed") vaccines.

Immunization=20 Schedules

There is a great deal = of=20 controversy and confusion surrounding the appropriate immunization = schedule,=20 especially with the availability of modified-live vaccines and = breeders who=20 have experienced postvaccinal problems when using some of these = vaccines. It=20 is also important to not begin a vaccination program while maternal = antibodies=20 are still active and present in the puppy from the mother's colostrum. = The=20 maternal antibodies identify the vaccines as infectious organisms and = destroy=20 them before they can stimulate an immune response.

Many breeders and = owners have=20 sought a safer immunization program.

Modified Live Vaccines=20 (MLV)

Modified-live vaccines = contain a=20 weakened strain of the disease causing agent. Weakening of the agent = is=20 typically accomplished by chemical means or by genetic engineering. = These=20 vaccines replicate within the host, thus increasing the amount of = material=20 available for provoking an immune response without inducing clinical = illness.=20 This provocation primes the immune system to mount a vigorous response = if the=20 disease causing agent is ever introduced to the animal. Further, the = immunity=20 provided by a modified-live vaccine develops rather swiftly and since = they=20 mimic infection with the actual disease agent, it provides the best = immune=20 response.

Inactivated Vaccines=20 (Killed)

Inactivated vaccines = contain=20 killed disease causing agents. Since the agent is killed, it is much = more=20 stable and has a longer shelf life, there is no possibility that they = will=20 revert to a virulent form, and they never spread from the vaccinated = host to=20 other animals. They are also safe for use in pregnant animals (a = developing=20 fetus may be susceptible to damage by some of the disease agents, even = though=20 attenuated, present in modified-live vaccines). Although more = than a=20 single dose of vaccine is always required and the duration of immunity = is=20 generally shorter, inactivated vaccines are regaining importance in = this age=20 of retrovirus and herpesvirus infections and concern about the safety = of=20 genetically modified microorganisms. Inactivated vaccines available = for use in=20 dogs include rabies, canine parvovirus, canine coronavirus, = etc.


W. Jean Dodds, DVM
HEMOPET
938 = Stanford=20 Street
Santa Monica, CA 90403
310/ 828-4804
fax: 310/ = 828-8251

Note: This schedule is the one I = recommend and=20 should not be interpreted to mean that other protocols recommended by = a=20 veterinarian would be less satisfactory. It's a matter of professional = judgment and choice. For breeds or families of dogs susceptible to or = affected=20 with immune dysfunction, immune-mediated disease, immune-reactions = associated=20 with vaccinations, or autoimmune endocrine disease (e.g., thyroiditis, = Addison's or Cushing's disease, diabetes, etc.) the above protocol is=20 recommended.

After 1 year, annually measure serum antibody = titers=20 against specific canine infectious agents such as distemper and = parvovirus.=20 This is especially recommended for animals previously experiencing = adverse=20 vaccine reactions or breeds at higher risk for such reactions (e.g.,=20 Weimaraner, Akita, American Eskimo, Great Dane).

Another alternative to booster vaccinations = is=20 homeopathic nosodes. This option is considered an unconventional = treatment=20 that has not been scientifically proven to be efficacious. One = controlled=20 parvovirus nosode study did not adequately protect puppies under = challenged=20 conditions. However, data from Europe and clinical experience in North = America=20 support its use. If veterinarians choose to use homeopathic nosodes, = their=20 clients should be provided with an appropriate disclaimer and written = informed=20 consent should be obtained.

I use only killed 3 year rabies vaccine for = adults and=20 give it separated from other vaccines by 3-4 weeks. In some states, = they may=20 be able to give titer test result in lieu of booster.

I do NOT use Bordetella, corona virus, = leptospirosis or=20 Lyme vaccines unless these diseases are endemic in the local area pr = specific=20 kennel. Furthermore, the currently licensed leptospira bacterins do = not=20 contain the serovars causing the majority of clinical leptospirosis = today.

I do NOT recommend vaccinating bitches during = estrus,=20 pregnancy or lactation.

W. Jean = Dodds,=20 DVM
HEMOPET

Printable Titers Forms and = Instructions for Testing: http://www.itsforthe= animals.com/HEMOPET.HTM

Dr. Jean Dodds' = Recommended=20 Vaccination Schedule
Vaccine Initial 1st Annual=20 Booster Re-Administration=20 Interval Comments
Distemper = (MLV)=20
(e.g. Intervet Progard=20 Puppy)		 9 weeks
12 = weeks
16 -=20 20 weeks		 At 1 year MLV = Distemper/=20 Parvovirus only
None = needed.
Duration of=20 immunity 7.5 / 15 years by studies. Probably lifetime. = Longer=20 studies pending.		 Can have = numerous side=20 effects if given too young (< 8 = weeks).
Parvovirus=20 (MLV)
(e.g. Intervet Progard=20 Puppy)		 9 weeks
12 = weeks
16 -=20 20 weeks		 At 1 year MLV = Distemper/=20 Parvovirus only None = needed.
Duration of=20 immunity 7.5 years by studies. Probably lifetime. Longer = studies=20 pending.		 At 6 weeks of = age, only 30%=20 of puppies are protected but 100% are exposed to the virus = at the=20 vet clinic.
Rabies
(killed)		 24 weeks or older At 1 year (give = 3-4 weeks=20 apart from Dist/Parvo booster) Killed 3 year rabies=20 vaccine 3 yr. vaccine = given as=20 required by law in California (follow your = state/provincial=20 requirements) rabid animals = may infect=20 dogs.
Vaccines Not=20 Recommended For Dogs
Distemper = & Parvo @ 6=20 weeks or younger Not=20 recommended.
At this age, maternal antibodies form the = mothers=20 milk (colostrum) will neutralize the vaccine and only 30% = for=20 puppies will be protected. 100% will be exposed to the = virus at=20 the vet clinic.
Corona Not=20 recommended.
1.) Disease only affects dogs <6 weeks = of=20 age.
2.) Rare disease: TAMU has seen only one case in = seven=20 years.
3.) Mild self-limiting disease.
4.) Efficacy = of the=20 vaccine is questionable.
Leptospirosis Not=20 recommended
1) There are an average of 12 cases = reported=20 annually in California.
2)  Side effects = common.
3)=20 Most commonly used vaccine contains the wrong serovars.=20  (There is no cross-protection of serovars) There is = a new=20 vaccine with 2 new serovars. Two vaccinations twice per = year=20 would  be required for protection.).
4) Risk = outweighs=20 benefits.
Lyme Not=20 recommended
1) Low risk in California.
2) 85% of = cases are=20 in 9 New England states and Wisconsin.
3) Possible side = effect=20 of polyarthritis from whole cell = bacterin.
Boretella
(Intranasal)
(killed)		 Only = recommended 3=20 days prior to boarding when required.
Protects = against 2=20 of the possible 8 causes of kennel cough.
Duration of = immunity=20 6 months.
Giardia Not=20 recommended
Efficacy of vaccine unsubstantiated by = independent=20 = studies